Iphone 5C price decision Essay

The fist factor that main(prenominal) in the pricing decision of iPhone 5C is by get a lineing cost. For instance, since orchard apple tree Inc. wants to maximize its kale through establishing sensitive products, the harm should be set at the leg where marginal revenue equals to marginal cost. We do that iPhone 5C is in the perfectly combative market, the company go off reach its maximum profit at vestibular sense at X* and P*. To determine the outlay, apple Inc. needs to do the marginal analysis.According to profits () equals to core revenues (TR) minus total cost (TC), which is =(P*X)-(fixed cost+variable costs per unit *X), X is the number of units sell by Apple Inc. Of course, bus needs to ask several departments and contractors to get by the cost of their product and services. From on line of reasoning websites, I get to know that producing a 16Gbyte iPhone, total BOM and Manufacturing Cost is about $173.45, for a 32Gbyte iPhone 5C is approximately $182.85(which a ccounts notwithstanding for hardware and manufacturing costs and does not include early(a) expenses such(prenominal) as software, licensing, royalties or other expenditure)(Andrew, 2013).The manager hind end differentiating the fixed costs and variable costs found on cost behavior, and plug those numbers into the equality and get an equation between and X. then differentiate the equation and set it to zero, the manager can get the number of units when profit maximizing. Finally, plug X into assuming involve function, the manager can get the damage and manage a decision. But, in the real world, it is not easy to implement the marginal analysis method.So, managers unremarkably try to combine cost-based approaches and market-based approach to addle a profit substantive approach, for example full cost-plus target profits, variable costs-plus percentage markup can both assess to pricing decision. However, the common and basic factor for the methods is costs.The s bundle fact or that important in the pricing decision of iPhone 5C is product line and competitors. Strategy analysis is the company needs to consider about the Competitors as well as the whole industry, and then assess to firms plan. We can figure out that the competitions in the smartphone market are kinda intense, there are numerous competitors and are almost equal size, such as Samsung, Microsoft. So, Apple Inc. has to investigate the cost leadership and the unique producers in order to make a competitive price in the smartphone market.The website take the example of Moto X, which has 18 kinds of colors and the functions are sincerely similar to iPhone 5C (Darren, 2013). The price of Moto X is $599, so the manager should decide a ruggeder price than it to gain a competitive advantage. In particular, the competition is not equitable from the external market, we know that Apple Inc. promoted iPhone 5C as well as iPhone 5S at the same time. To iPhone 5C, the manager needs to consider about the bendable case, which is $42 less than the metal case cost of iPhone5S (Ben, 2013). So manager should alike compare the 5Cs price to 5S. It is an important thing to keep unknown of the products price before they coming out.The manager of Apple Inc. can survey the expected price of the public, or conduct any(prenominal) historical sample tests before making the final price decision. The three factor that important in the pricing decision of iPhone 5C is the manager should foretell the pick up. Assume that we are suffering a financial crisis, most state dont have extra money to pay for new electronic devices. They have already owned iPhone 5 or iPhone 4S and do not want to pay for another similar product.Then the manager should decrease the price of iPhone 5C to fit for peoples expectation of low pricing, using the profit margin per unit to trade for higher quantities. As I mentioned above, the estimation of demand function is too important in the marginal analysis. In or der to estimate the demand, the manager should also make market survey to analyze the targeted customers. According to Pew Internets report, Teens and Technology 2013, 37% of U.S. teenagers now own a smartphone (which compares to 23% in 2011).And the increases of U.S. wireless carriers family data plans, intensive the parents to buy smartphones for their kids (Jason, 2013). Because the iPhone5C is colorful, has proper functions and easy to control, it must(prenominal) a first-choice for kids cellphone. Aimed at attracting teenagers group, the Apple Inc. manager should make the price to a certain level. Whats more, we also have to consider whether buyers are sensitive to price. In economics, we call it price elasticity of demand, which marrow the percentage intensify in the numbers of units sod to the percentage change in the price of the product.Assume most people are price sensitive, if the price of iphone5C is much higher than they expected, they will not buy it, which decrease s demand a lot. So, listen to the public opinions on price is quite important. in advance iphone5C facing to the public, a lot of individuals forecast that the selling price should be low enough to satisfy the low-end customers needs. Somebody was kidding that iPhone 5C is iPhone for China or iPhone for cheap.Apple Inc. wants to occupy more market percentage in developing countries, so they advertised that to make a colorful low-end smartphone. However, the price of iPhone 5C is not as low as we expected. The data shows after releasing the iPhone for 72 hours, both in China, Australia, U.S., the sales of iPhone 5S is almost 4 times compare to iPhone 5C. Especially, the graphical record says in the target country China, where the 5s is outselling the 5c five to one (Christopher, 2013). So I find the price of iPhone 5C is not reasonable. There are several reasons to sageize iPhone 5C price is not appropriate.Firstly, compare to iPhone 5S, people claim 5C effective looks an iPhone 5 with a candy-colored plastic shell. According to a report published by UBS, the same memory for 16 Gigabyte iPhone, 5S costs $213 in materials, whereas a 5C costs $156IPhone 5S has metal shell, Touch ID fingerprint scanner, more advanced A7 chipset, action Coprocessor and True tone flash for camera. The different price due to plastic case of $42 and finger print sensing element of $7.However, the price of iPhone 5C is only $100 less than iPhone 5S. The UBS also estimates the gross margins of iPhone 5S is 45-55% and for iPhone 5S is 48-54% (Ben, 2013). As a rational consumer, I will buy iPhone 5S instead of iPhone 5C, since 5S has much more functions, which is not at a so much higher price. Secondly, the factors of competitor also have huge effects. Samsung is the key part for apple to make its retina pomposity screen, as well as apple use Sonys sensor in its camera. We know that Samsung and Sony are competitors. Apple Inc. is hiring, relying and paying them.But if someday, Sam sung or Sony stop providing essential parts to apple, what will happen? I think Apple Inc. has to produce all manufacturing parts by themselves chthonian a turgid amount of fixed cost, which will have a big effect on Apples price decision. Thirdly, the price of iPhone 5C is not as low as rumored. It brings the question to us, who exactly is Apple targeting? We know that Samsung has galaxy series, which with large-screen and liked by fashion people and developing markets.In china, there are a lot of really cheap phones under 1000RMB, those phones have varieties function and beautiful looking. So when Apple Inc. can really open the market to low-end customers? The price decision and targeting customer is not guide and accurate. I am kind of thinking there must be some sailing strategy when apple promoted 5C and 5S at the same time, with a huge cost performance in my opinion. Maybe Apple Inc. just wants to stimulate thesales of 5S, after people comparing these two products.

Power and Politics in Organizations Essay

Abstract In institutions there are various powers, conflicts and political intrigues at play. Some of these powers may non appear not come in to something much to the untrained eye but those privy to these power struggles have it away that they go a long way in shaping the mess and the future of an organizations. When there is a change of leadership in an organization e. g. in cases where the C. E.O is retiring or moving elsewhere, the successor give want to impose his business philosophy on the organization. He does this by wielding his legitimate permit (that of being C. E. O or the boss). He or she may do this by rewarding those employees who embrace his or her business style and coerce those whom they feel are stubborn to their authority. Coercion provide oftentimes involve threats of firing or demotion or promotion sensual against errant employees. Employees who are depended upon for the familiarity to run smoothly (i. . those who own right power) may survive the ons laught because the executive officer may not want to jeopardize company operations. This however, may be temporary if the executive officer looks for suitable replacements for the errant happy employees and then forces the incumbent expose of the company or into positions less glamourous. In this assignment, I have looked into a case involving a blue chip company in eastward Africa called Safaricom Ltd and the power struggles between the incumbent C. E. O and top level able employees.Safaricom says the deuce resigned but they might have been the first victims of the new C. E. Os no nonsense approach to business. Before his resignation, Mr. John Barorot had been Safaricoms brain Technical Officer. He was one of the longest serving employees having coupled the company in 2000. The other person who seems to have received the burn down was the Chief Information Officer Mr. Robert Mugo. The power and political intrigues within the company saw the exit of the two with analysts indic ating that Mr.Collymore viewed them as a challenge to his authority in the company. He used his legitimate power to get the two to resign. Mr. Barorot opted to resign rather than go through a new exact talent assessment procedure. This indicates the presence of coercive powers in the company. Despite their expertness in their various capacities, Mr. Barorot and Mr. Mugo could not rely only on their expert power to retain their jobs. Hence, they were trounced by the legitimate power wielded by the Chief Executive Officer.

Personality Impact Paper Essay

In order for managers and employees to effectively get along in the workplace they must(prenominal) first learn how to understand and appreciate one another. The Journal of Adlerian surmisal published an article discussing the various personalities styles in the workplace. The report states that being adequate to recognize characters from in workers and managers is important for those who lead or manage as others as well as for those who consult or treat workers and leadership (page 2). The purpose of this paper is to retell uncover 2.5, 2.6, and 2.7 assessments, it will also restart my primary record aspects, cognitive abilities that I bath apply to my workplace, and diminish any shortcomings. unwrap 2.5, 2.6, 2.7Exhibit 2.5 is an assessment that measures the extraversion or irresponsible affectivity of a person. According to the text a person, which is positively effective, is predisposed to fetch positive emotional states and smell good about themselves and the milit ary personnel approximately them (page 43). People, who are extroverted, dispose to be more sociable and affectionate towards others. Exhibit 2.6 is to measure the neuroticism or detrimental affectivity. Negative affectivity in the text edition is defined as deal tendencies to gravel negative emotional states, feel distressed, and view themselves and the world around them negatively (page 44). This is the exact opposite at positive affectivity.People, who have high neuroticism, are more likely to experience more stress over time and often have negative moods at work/ home. Exhibit 2.7 is a measure of agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness to experiences. The standard explains agreeableness as individuals who get along well with other people and those who do not (page 45). People, who are agreeable, are very likable, care for others, and tend to be affectionate. A person, who is conscientiousness, is careful, scrupulous, and persevering (page 45). People, who score hi gh in the area, are found tobe very tidy and organized, as well as self-disciplined. People, who are open to experiences, have broad interests and are willing to chance upon risks (page 46).Summary of My Testing ResultsIn Exhibit 2.5 I scored high on positive affectivity. and answered all of the questions with true. This result would show that I am a happy person and views my work and the world around myself positively.My results of Exhibit 2.6 indicate a low level of negative affectivity. I center that sometimes he feels tense all day because of the challenges he has forrader of myself at work and also gets nervous from time to time. This would again affirm the results of Exhibit 2.5 which I have a positive outlook on life. The results of Exhibit 2.7 proved what I was already aware of. I tends to be an agreeable person who is open to experiences. I scored the lowest on conscientiousness, implying that is flock be somewhat careless.I have a strong personality and a lot of good characteristics to offer as a leader. I did very charismatic and pragmatic. As a leader, this would be necessary in times of boosting morale and encouraging others around myself. my view on things from a positive light as well and tends to be open-minded. Cognitively I am numerically conscious, is also able to use reasoning, deductive abilities, and is perceptual. I scored the lowest on conscientiousness, which as a leader could mean that he is willing to take more risks.ConclusionThe purpose of this paper was to summarize Exhibit 2.5, 2.6, and 2.7 assessments, define My primary personality aspects, cognitive abilities that he can apply to the workplace, and mitigate any shortcomings. People all over the world tend to operate based on feelings and innate habits they learned from their surroundings. Having a clear understanding of these feelings and how it drives our individual personalities can create successful stage business relationships.ReferencesJennifer M. George, Garth R. Jo nes (2012). Understanding and Managing Organized Behavior. 6th Edition. Published by Prentice abode Sperry, Len (1995). Individual Psychology. Personality Styles in the Workplace, Volume 51 (Issue 4), pages 422.

Oration piece †Life and works of Rizal Essay

When I was young and innocent, I used to dream of nifty and wonderful things for the Philippines. I dreamed to get a line the Philippine flag increase in each and every household, and at the same time vocalizing our national anthem in a blaring voice and a smile on their faces. When Im old enough to see the accepted state of our country, these dreams were shattered. I turn int see flags in mickles households but I see households broken. I get dressedt hear songs but I hear gunshots, cries and remorse. I dont see smiles but marks of poverty. This was not the Philippines I was woolgather of. This is not what our national hero wished and died for. We request some bingle who can exact the change in our country.As Filipinos we need not a loss bearer with wealthy family, or rooms of medals and diplomas. Rizal didnt show off his accomplishwork forcets because people already know him as someone enceinte. He doesnt need to play a movie of all His works or achievement because hi s works spoke for themselves. I do say that we must net income our freedom by deserving it, by improving the mind and enhancing the hauteur of the individual. Loving what is just, what is good, what is great, even to the point of dying for it. Just like Rizal.Rizal is bounteous in all his endeavors in various fields science, mathematics, literature and the arts, loose it his all, therefore always emerging in excellence. The very person who should lead our country must be someone who has a heart for excellence. Rizal has great dreams for the Filipinos, and he never, not even once underestimated them. With unwavering trust and conviction, Rizal believes in the abilities of the Filipino people and banks on them for the progress of the Philippines. My fellow young men and women, if we want to establish a better Philippines, we need a real president who embodies the characteristics of Dr. Jose Rizal. Let us always remember that authority without love life and sacrifice is definitely self serving .Rizal studied in different schools, some of these are Ateneo Municipal de Manila where he was declared one of the sobresaliente or outstanding, University of Santo Tomas where he switched from law to medicine.

Religion plays Essay

The colossus, as the Professor realised before he chased the project, has the potential inside him to be so overwhelmingly good, almost angelic, which is shown by means of the natural instinct to help the family he stays with, tho the monstrosity also possesses the potential to take up mostly ugly actions, for example, when he murders young Willy as revenge for Frankenstein making him the way he did and creating how he is to live his as an outsider.The monster has no identity he is precariously composed of disfigured limbs and organs no part of the organic structure belongs to him as a person- all the personalities are mingled and therefore, Frankensteins monster cannot be exposit as an individual mind or body. As a ending of being made up of so many different body parts- intelligent, criminal, thief- he has many different interchangeable personalities, which all come as natural to him.The monster is ugly, theres no other newsworthiness for it his port is horrific, people hide and cringe at the sight of it, only if there is the possibility for the monster to be loved by the gentle race. This is proven in the circumstances wherein the blind man makes friends with the monster, and therefore appearance does not matter, only the person inside the monster can be loved although on the outside he is ugly, different and unnatural.It is partly the monsters fault that he ends up being hated by everyone, although Frankenstein holds most of the blame. He went against the Professors will through using his notes and didnt consider the dangerous consequences that come of meddling with god and nature. He made a creature that had no say in how he was created before he was brought to life, it was brought into the world without consent and the monster cannot retaliate or control the consequences. He has to live a life of rejection as a result of his uncontrollable appearance, the main reason of hatred for him. The monster, often circumstantially for these were his natural reactions part of his personality, inflicts the hatred upon himself. He undergoes deeds considered as demonic, but as revenge, a natural instinct.There are many good issues throughout the story, the strongest being that, all the innocent people are the ones who die, they are conquered by evil. Elizabeth, Justine and Willy are all murdered unjustly, whereas the monster lives for longer and provokes the murders. other is that, Captain Walton, although having an obsession for reaching the North Pole, abandons his voyage after earshot Frankensteins story.Religion plays a large part in Frankenstein, God is referred to several times, for example, when headmaster has an argument at university, he is said to be meddling with God and nature through the experiment. Also religion is delineate when the monster is thought to be dead and rises in the chains to symbolise the crucifixion of Jesus. Here is a symbolic reading at Victors death, God judges everything, good and bad, but als o creates evil beings.The whole film was quite confusing and the cyclical narrative at the beginning enhanced this so I was often left excogitate over what was happening. I thought that, although there were many changes to the original storyline, for example, when Elizabeth is brought sand to life in the film and not in the book, this version was a suitable adaptation and flowed very well, enhanced by the excellent picky effects.

How HIPAA Violations Affect the Medical Billing Process Essay

When you image human immunodeficiency virus you always think of support argon they the same or is there a difference. HIPAA covert Rule HIPAA is a federal police force thatProtects the patients silence with their medical records and other health reading provided to health plans, hospital, readys and either other health manage providers.Allows the patient access to their medical records.It gives the patient rights to how their personal information is used and exposed.HIPAA has proven to be very sure-fire in stopping inequality against the people diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immune deficiency syndrome by preventing anyone from knowing about their human immunodeficiency virus and Aids spot. In the year 2000 laboratories and doctors atomic number 18 essential by fair play to report to their State health plane section all cases of human immunodeficiency virus and Aids. They argon reported to better measure the HIV and Aids epidemic, and how it is changing and to create programs for HIV and Aids prevention and state medical which best serve affected people and their communities.All this information is defend by confidentiality laws. Under this law rangeing information regarding who has HIV and Aids fucking only be used to help the State wellness Department track the epidemic and for partner nonification this information enkindlenot be shared with immigration and naturalization Service (INS), police, welfare agencies, landlords, employers and insurance companies. The study Centers for Disease Control and Prevention issues guidelines influencing states to collect and report the data on HIV and Aids so they foot track the epidemic on a national basis. The state health department get out thence remove all the personal information (name, address, etc.) from your riddle results and send the information to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).Over the next several long time HIV and Aids data will b ecome the basis for championship formulas which will allocate federal money for circumspection & preaching downstairs The Ryan flannel Comprehensive back up Resources Emergency (CARE) Act.This is the largest federally funded program in the United States for people vitality with HIV and AIDS. This number reaches hundreds of thousands of people either year with medical care, drugs, and support services. The program requires that health departments receiving money from the Ryan White program show good faith efforts to notify the marriage partners of a patient with HIV and AIDS. (www.Aids.gov)HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is a virus that attacks the T-cells in the resistive dust. This illness changes their immune system making people very assail subject to diseases and infections. This condition worsens as it progresses corresponding to research the origins to this disease dates back to the easy 19th or early 20th century in western Central Africa. In 2008 worldwide t here were33.4 million People living with HIV and AIDS.2.7 new HIV infections2 million deaths from AIDSThe disease was identified in the 1980s, and there is now known cure, but treatments and medicinal drug support slow the course of the disease. The newest drug combination drug therapy can cost up to $20,000 in U.S. dollars a year. HIV is found in body fluids like semen and vaginal fluids, blood and breast mild. And can be passed by blood-to-blood and too sexual cont tour. Women can pass this to their babies through pregnancy, childbirth, and through breast milk. AIDS is (acquired immune deficiency syndrome or immunodeficiency syndrome). AIDS is the disease caused by the HIV virus AIDS is the syndrome that appear in the advance stages of HIV infection, AIDS is a medical condition derived from HIV. HIV and AIDS are the same AIDS is the outdated name and HIV is the correct name.There are three recognized good principles that render to clinical and research ethics Respect refers to revereing the decisions of autonomous people and defend the ones who lack decision making capacity and therefore are not autonomous and imposes a positive obligation to treat people with respect by keeping this information confident and keeping promises. Beneficence imposes a positive obligation of the best interest of the patient. Justice requires people to be treated fairly and often requires that benefits and burdens to be distributed fairly within society. Privacy is criticalwhen it comes to HIV and AIDS, because of the sensitivity of HIV relate information nigh patients dont want to share this mystic and personal feeling of their life because it involves their sexual behavior or substance abuse.This information can lead to stigmatization this can cause patients to worry about their privacy being protected, and they may be hesitant to see a doctor or remain in the care of a physician. It is vital to fork up health care providers express that they are committed to secu ring patient privacy. The law gives certain protection to or conditions. Electronic systems need to be able to identify and manage this data appropriately. HIV and AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases are a whole different category with picky privacy concerns. When releasing HIV and AIDS records for other purposes it is necessary to identify testing and treatment for these conditions through the use of red flags or prototype messages. The electronic system simplifies exclusion or segregation of HIV test results to protect against release without patients comely consent from the patient.Preferably a system will also flag treatment of HIV and Aids when producing copies of records. EHR systems essential provide mechanisms that enable facilities that extra layer of protection for this information required under 42 CFR, Part 2 requires patient consent for disclosures of protected health information even for the purpose of treatment this consent moldiness be in writing. When a health care provider providers care to an HIV and AIDS patient they seem to be cracking and ethical tightrope even when they are aware of protocol about disclosing HIV status simple assumptions and carelessness can lead to devastating consequences for the patient and also legal ramifications. There are some things a health care worker can do on their own to protect private information while at work. Turn off your computer when you walk away or not in use. Set your computer with passwords to trip up access to confidential files. Use a system that will apparition who accesses confidential information. Become familiar with the law train employees in proper disclosure protocol. Never discusses a patients HIV and AIDS status.Social ramifications populate if HIV and AIDS information is announced improperly. If a patients friends discover he or she has HIV and AIDS they wont want to be around them due to the fear of catching the disease peoplewill start to gossip spreading this privat e information destructing the life of the septic person. They will undoubtedly be treated differently. He or she could take on difficulty finding employment if the employer finds out about the disease because of out or keeping(p) disclosure of medical information. If a person is living with HIV and Aids you are protected against discrimination under Section 504 of the Rehabilitation act of 1973 and Title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA).Under these laws, discrimination means that you are not allowed to participate in a service that is offered to others or you are denied a benefit, because of your HIV disease. ( http//aids.gov/hiv-aids-basics/just-diagnosed-with-hiv-aids/your-legal-rights/civil-rights/index.html ) HIV and AIDS in the workplace gets bigger each year, because it affects people between ages 25 44 and they make up 50% of our 121% million workers. There are laws to protect people with HIV and AIDS in the workplace. Americans with Disabilities act of 1990 (ADA) does not allow employment discrimination because of disability and covers businesses with 15 or more employees. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). Federal and state governments work with more than 100 million working men and women and 6.5 million employers.The Family Medical Leave Act of 1993 (FMLA) this act to the private-sector of employers of 50 or more employees and within a 75 international nautical mile radius of their worksite. A person is entitled to a total of 12 weeks of job protected unpaid leave in a 12 month period. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA). Addresses obstacles to healthcare you can face if you are HIV and AIDs positive. Protecting you discriminatory treatment from your insurance company, and also protects your privacy rights. The Consolidated Omnibus Budget atonement act of 1986 (COBRA). This law allows employees the option to keep their health insurance at their own expense after getting laid off, fired from a job. Allowing them to purchase health insurance for a period up to 36 months. HIV and AIDS not only hurt people with the disease but also their families and families. According to the International Labor Organization believes that by the year 2020 HIV and AIDS will lower the workforce by 24 million people. This will cost the workforce higher be of medical insurance as well as work absences related to health, hiring and costs of retraining.

The American Indian and the Problem of Culture Essay

The Native Americans be perhaps the most culturally storied and richly diversified market-gardening in the America. Indeed, the historical narrations of the Indian culture, way of life and lifestyle are narrated as rich in strife, struggle as well as triumph. In fact, a legal age of the modern ways of life and lifestyle in the United States are directly or indirectly inherited or borrowed from the ancient Indian cultures of centuries ago. Yet, most Americans take for granted the many familiar figures that trace their blood line from the Native Indian Americans. The purpose of this paper is to describe the culture of the American Indians.The American Indians used various symbols that interwove the tapestry of their lifestyle. Integral symbols such(prenominal) as the totem pole, the teepee, the moccasins and the peace pipe formed a finical cultural sign of the American Indians life (Barrett, 2004). Native animals and plants as houses and weather had a special cultural relationsh ip with the American Indians. For instance, the American Indians revered animals for spiritual believes and ties in spite of their hunting practices. Animal hides and skins do drums and clothes while the fondness was preserved and never wasted to nourish the community. The American Indians believed that the spirit of the animals k lighted stand firmd by dint of the community by inhabiting the tribes minds.The American Indians cultivated and posterior harvested various plants for different reasons and seasons such as making blankets and dyes (Biolsi & Martin, 1989). Weather elements tidal bore cultural meanings, attachments and endearments to the community, as well. For instance, the American Indians believed that the sun and the rain were supernatural powers and equal a change in the Indians seasons.Totem poles formed a special part of the America Indians culture (Hallowell, 1957). For instance, they believed that every(prenominal) persons spirit in the community was attached to fact animals spirit. Therefore, the community believed that, at death, a persons spirit was absorbed by his or her attached animal to live on or regenerate as another person at birth. As a tall and large wooden carving, the totem pole was border to represent various animals with a certain animal representing a hold dear but deceased member of the family.Today, it is easy to observe a dangle dream catcher hanged from rearview mirrors on cars driving in the United States roads. However, tidy sum rarely know or acknowledge the significance of the dream catchers. Indeed, this symbol traces back to the Lakota tribes legendary stories (Hallowell, 1957). It is a symbol of holding onto dearest things in a persons life. In addition, the pierced holes in a dream catcher serve to filter ill feelings and thoughts. Another Interesting aspect of the American Indians culture is smoke signaling. The American Indians used smoke signals to send and relay messages everyplace long distances and bore a proud heritage amongst the American Indians.The American Indians also believed in spirits and depended on them for the well being and fodder of the society (Barrett, 2004). Spirits were tied to various outcomes in the society such as bumper harvest, natural disasters and tragedies and community health. As a result, the spirits were kept pleased to see to the survival and good harvest in the tribe. Sacrifices and offerings were made at sacred places to the spirits. For instance, the Pueblo tribes regarded various plants as sacred while the Aztecs offered homo sacrifices to appease the spirits.ReferencesBarrett, C. A. (2004). American Indian culture. Pasadena, Calif. Salem Press.Biolsi, T., & Martin, C. (1989). The American Indian and the hassle of Culture. American Indian Quarterly, 13(3), 261.Hallowell, A. I. (1957). The Impact of the American Indian on American Culture. American Anthropologist, 59(2), 201-217.Source document